Recently I launched Peevalizer, a website for talking about your pet peeves, which of course was written in Python using the Django web framework. In fact, it was the culmination of my efforts to teach myself design, and while I made some progress, it's clear that I'll never be a designer. Anyway, part of Peevalizer is that users can vote on different pet peeves, and view the peeves with the highest score. I used django-voting as the application to enable this functionality, and it provides a manager on the Vote object with methods for getting the top N results, where N is a positive integer.
One of the reasons for custom manager on Vote is because aggregate support has not yet been finished. However with Django's built-in Pagination support, it's necessary to retrieve not only a list of the top N voted pet peeves, but a list of all of the pet peeves, ordered by score. How is this possible? Specifically, how is this possible without forking django-voting? Here is the solution that I came up with:
class VoteAwareManager(models.Manager):
def _get_score_annotation(self):
model_type = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(self.model)
table_name = self.model._meta.db_table
return self.extra(select={
'score': 'SELECT COALESCE(SUM(vote),0) FROM %s WHERE content_type_id=%d AND object_id=%s.id' %
(Vote._meta.db_table, int(model_type.id), table_name)}
)
def most_hated(self):
return self._get_score_annotation().order_by('-score')
def most_loved(self):
return self._get_score_annotation().order_by('score')
Then I assigned that manager onto all of the objects that could be voted on. What that's doing is literally issuing a subquery for every row, doing an aggregate on all of the votes for that row, and assigning it to an attribute named score.
However, we also wanted to allow for voting on User objects, which is built in to Django and cannot be easily changed. How do we add this manager to user? I spent a while thinking about that before realizing that it's not the right question to ask. The right question to ask is, how can we associate the User model with this manager? A quick look through some Django source code revealed this to be an absolutely trivial task. Here's how it goes in our code:
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
manager = VoteAwareManager()
manager.model = User
for user in manager.most_hated():
# Do something with user's score
There are a few things to note about this implementation. Firstly, it can be much more computationally expensive to use this method instead of using django-voting's method (which executes some custom SQL), so either be aware of that or use aggressive caching strategies to overcome this shortcoming. The other thing is if you're not using a manager like this on multiple models, and since managers mostly just proxy to QuerySet anyway, it might be simpler to just acquire a QuerySet on the model that you would like to get, and run the extra() method in the calling function.
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Hey Eric, thanks for the tips on voting. We just launched <a href="http://www.myyardourmessage.com/">My Yard Our Message</a>, also built on django and will soon incorporate voting (though not there yet). I've been planning on django voting as well, though was kind of wondering how getting a score out of it would work. This is helpful.
Btw.. on design stuff as it pertains to Peevalizer, more line-spacing, more padding, and justify the sidebar to the left. Right justified text doesn't make visual sense on the right side of the page.
Cool.
BTW, how do you colorize your HTML Python output?
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